![]() If you don't include the cost of the pump and neon sign transformer, then this project should cost no more than $30 total. All of the parts excluding the wine bottle and vacuum pump can be purchased at almost any hardware store. (1) 9kV Neon Sign Transformer (1) High Voltage Microwave Oven Diode (Read this instructable to learn how to safely extract one from a microwave oven) You will also need a drill with a 3/16" bit that can cut metal and a small glass/tile spade bit for cutting the bottle. (1) 2 Stage High Vacuum Pump (1) 1' - 2' section of 1/4" rubber hose (2) 1/4" Screw Clamps (1) Brass Pump to Hose Converter (1) Roll of Teflon Tape For the high voltage power supply, you will need. (1) Clear Wine Bottle (1) Mini Chrome-Plated Metal Doorknob (1) 3" Piece of 3/16" Steel Brake Line (1) Piece of Steel/Aluminum Wire Several Inches Long (1) Tube of Pressure Rated 5 Minute Epoxy For the vacuum system, you will need. I've included a diagram of the mechanical construction of the accelerator to give a rough idea of how everything will work.įor the vacuum chamber, you will need. This effect can easily be observed inside of our cathode ray tube if a magnet is present nearby. In other words, the magnet curves the paths of the electrons and this effect is amplified by the duration that the electrons spend in the field. If we compute q v x B, we will find that the force due to the magnetic field is perpendicular to the paths of the electrons and to the magnetic field (by the definition of a cross product). Let's say we bring a magnet close to the tube while it's energized and we align it so that its field is roughly normal to the surface of the vacuum chamber. Since the velocity vectors of the electrons will be pointing roughly from the cathode to the the anode without an external magnetic field, we can use this to find out what effect a magnetic field will have if we introduce one. In this context, it tells us that electrons will be accelerated from the cathode to the anode due E, the electrostatic field created by the high voltage power supply and that those electrons will also be accelerated by another field, B, in a manner that is dependent on the velocity, v, of those electrons. Magnetic Deflection: In physics, we all learned the Lorentz force law ( F = q ), or the force on a point charge due to electromagnetic fields. These ions will be deposited on the walls of the chamber near the anode and will create a silvery band somewhat reminiscent of the "getter" inside of an old vacuum tube. Sputtering: If the acceleration potential is high enough, then some electrons striking the anode will have enough energy to knock metal ions right off the electrode. Some interesting effects that can be observed at this stage are sputtering and magnetic deflection. ![]() However, instead of impacting the anode and returning to the power supply, some electrons will fly right past it and keep going until they hit a glass wall. When enough of the air in the chamber has been removed, electrons will freely accelerate from the negative electrode (cathode) towards the positive electrode (anode). Essentially, our cathode ray tube is just two electrodes in a vacuum chamber with a high voltage applied between them. Nowadays, advanced versions of this type of accelerator are commonly used for radiotherapy and ion implantation. Later, in the early 20th century, Cockroft and Walton (yup, the same hooligans responsible for the voltage multiplier) used a similar design to build the first true electrostatic linear accelerator, or "static linac" for short. Thomson and subsequently used to make several important discoveries about the fundamental nature of the atom and the electron. The design we will be using was first created in the late 19th century by J.J. ![]() & amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp lt br& amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp amp gt *** Thanks for all the support, guys! This project was featured on Hackaday, Slashgear, Engadget, Gizmodo, Gadgetblog, Tecmundo, Matuk, Zedomax DIY, and Make, as well as in the weekly newsletter and multiple times on our own front page! Please don't forget to rate/vote! Xellers ***Īs complex as the idea of a particle accelerator might seem, it's actually strikingly simple to implement.
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